Deformity of the legs may be caused by congenital bone diseases, or may occur after breaking the growth cartilage in childhood or after the malunion of the bone fracture. Certain degrees of deformity have no clinical significance. However, large deformity causes disruption, wear and tear in the ankle, knee and hip joint (calcification). Treatment of leg deformity can be corrected with a single operation if the nerve and vascular structures around the bone allow. There is a risk of developing damage after stretching of nerve and vessel structures in large deformity. In these cases, deformity is gradually corrected (with a few degrees each day) with the help of external fixators placed outside the bone.

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Fixators + Deformity correction with computer aided fixators (TSF): External fixators are one of the most reliable methods of curing deformity of legs. It allows to gradually correct deformity to the desired degree after surgery. Since fixators are usually suitable for paying loads after surgery, they allow the patient to walk by stepping on his foot. Fixators are divided into two groups. They are only unilateral fixators attached to the side of the bone and circular fixors that surround the leg. Unilateral fixators are usually applied to the femur bone. Circular fixators are also divided into two parts; ilizarov classic fixators and computer-aided hexapod fixators. Ilizarov classic fixators require parts replacement in some cases after surgery, and the surgeon's experience is important. In computer-aided hexapod fixators, the deformity value of the bone and the parts of the fixor used can be entered into the computer program and the deformity of the leg can be corrected with daily adjustments according to the correction template created. External fixators can also be used for bone lengthening.

Reference: Efficacy of the Taylor spatial frame in the treatment of deformities around the knee. Sökücü S, Karakoyun Ö, Arıkan Y, Küçükkaya M, Kabukcuoğlu Y

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Deformity correction with intramedullary nail (EPF): The deformity of the femur and tibia  can be completely corrected by preoperative rigorous measurement and planning with intramedullary nails placed inside the bone.

Reference: Does lengthening after acute correction negatively affect bone healing during distraction osteogenesis? Karakoyun Ö, Küçükkaya M, Erol MF.

 

Deformity correction with plate and screw: In appropriate cases, plate correction is performed in deformity around the knee. Plate corrections usually allow the patient to load his leg after 1.5 months. Plate and screws are used when high tibia ostetomy is performed, especially after the age of 40, to prevent arthrosis in the knee joint.